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Available soon: The only novel dedicated to Paula Maxwell, the young woman desired most by Billy the Kid.
This book focuses on the last seven months of the life of the notorious outlaw, as seen through the eyes of the often misunderstood and sometimes maligned Paula Maxwell. It is the product of several years of research by a veteran crime writer, intimately connected with the plains of eastern New Mexico and West Texas. Walter LeCroy specializes in border crime and multicultural relations in the Southwestern United States.
Monday, November 15, 2010
Paula Maxwell: The Story of a Tragic Romance
Available soon: The only novel dedicated to Paula Maxwell, the young woman desired most by Billy the Kid.
This book focuses on the last seven months of the life of the notorious outlaw, as seen through the eyes of the often misunderstood and sometimes maligned Paula Maxwell. It is the product of several years of research by a veteran crime writer, intimately connected with the plains of eastern New Mexico and West Texas. Walter LeCroy specializes in border crime and multicultural relations in the Southwestern United States.
© The LeCroy Press, 2010.
Paperback, perfect bound
214 pages with wrap-around cover shown above.
Price $25.00 with discounts to book dealers.
ISBN 0978568761
Contact: The LeCroy Press, P.O. Box 506, Ralls, TX 79357
Email: Walter@borderdrama.com
Ph: 806-253-0308 or 806-831-5135
Wednesday, May 19, 2010
THE OBAMA-CALDERON MEETING
What is the meeting between Obama and Calderon really about?
It’s primarily about two issues important to both countries: (1) Illegal immigration to the U.S. and amnesty for them, and (2) American-based corporations in Mexico that are dependent upon the continued good will of the Mexican Government toward them. Historically, Mexico is a Government that barters in economic and international matters. The corporations are beholden to the Mexican Government for the continued exploitation of their cheap labor in the factories. The Mexican Government is highly dependent upon the monetary remittances sent home to relatives by legal and illegal aliens. Herein, we see why neither the Democrats nor the Republicans ever mention enforcement of our immigration laws by arresting and deporting illegal aliens. The word “deportation” has become anathema to the ears of both major political parties. 1954, under the Eisenhower Administration, was the last year that enforcement with arrest and deportation was used extensively to rid the country of illegal aliens.
LEGAL IMMIGRATION
The United States admits 509,000 legal immigrants each year, in addition to thousands of temporary, H-class workers. However, illegal immigration has been by far the most common method of aliens crossing our borders or entering upon our shores in the past 50 years.
The United States has always had the most generous immigration policies of any country in the world. Up until farm mechanization that took place between 1950 and the present, there was a need for manual labor to work in the fields, particularly at harvest time. In recent years, there has been a decrease in manual labor and agricultural jobs but an increase in the flow of illegal aliens. It is an anomaly that there has been an accompanying decrease in the enforcement laws, resulting in a surfeit of unemployed aliens, and an increase in activism by the illegal aliens along with their left-wing supporters.
AMNESTIES
None of the below governmental acts of clemency have been called “amnesty” in theimmigration law books or even in the United States Code. Most of the early amnesties for illegal aliens are simply called “presumption of lawful admission for permanent residence” for someone who cannot prove his eligibility, and is not in possession of an immigrant visa. They are usually amendments to Section 245 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952.
Nor have the acts of clemency (amnesty) stemmed the tide of illegal immigration to the U.S.; quite the contrary, after each amnesty there has been an actual increase in illegal immigration, spawning the need for more amnesties and the need for them to fall closer together, chronologically.
1879 Granted citizenship to residents of all states as of enactment of the 14th Amendment, regardless of national origin.
1906-Amnesty that granted legal residence to all illegal aliens in the U.S. who entered prior to June 30, 1906.
1908-Amnesty that granted residence to aliens who crossed the Mexican border prior to 7/1/08.
1918-Amnesty that granted permanent residence to aliens who claimed that they entered the U.S. in Presidio, Texas (prior to a flood that destroyed entry records).
1924-Granted amnesty and residence to illegal aliens who entered the U.S. prior to 1924.
1948-Amnesty and permanent residence to illegal aliens who established that they entered illegally prior to Jul 1, 1948. I&N Act of 1952.
Between 1879 to 1924 there have been numerous other amnesties, in between and after these years, covering small groups of other aliens, mostly non-Mexicans.
1987-The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA). A general amnesty for illegal aliens who claimed they entered the U.S. illegally between 1952 and 1986.
2000-245(i)-granted permanent residence to thousands of illegal aliens who failed to qualify under IRCA, above. This amnesty allowed "reunificationm" of the extended familes of beneifciaries of the 1987 amnesty.
2002-Extension of 245(i)-Extended the filing period for illegal aliens who failed to apply on time for 245(i). Again, it was concerned mostly with reunification of the extended families of illegal aliens, including those who may not have been eligible at the time of the original amnesty of 1987.
It’s primarily about two issues important to both countries: (1) Illegal immigration to the U.S. and amnesty for them, and (2) American-based corporations in Mexico that are dependent upon the continued good will of the Mexican Government toward them. Historically, Mexico is a Government that barters in economic and international matters. The corporations are beholden to the Mexican Government for the continued exploitation of their cheap labor in the factories. The Mexican Government is highly dependent upon the monetary remittances sent home to relatives by legal and illegal aliens. Herein, we see why neither the Democrats nor the Republicans ever mention enforcement of our immigration laws by arresting and deporting illegal aliens. The word “deportation” has become anathema to the ears of both major political parties. 1954, under the Eisenhower Administration, was the last year that enforcement with arrest and deportation was used extensively to rid the country of illegal aliens.
LEGAL IMMIGRATION
The United States admits 509,000 legal immigrants each year, in addition to thousands of temporary, H-class workers. However, illegal immigration has been by far the most common method of aliens crossing our borders or entering upon our shores in the past 50 years.
The United States has always had the most generous immigration policies of any country in the world. Up until farm mechanization that took place between 1950 and the present, there was a need for manual labor to work in the fields, particularly at harvest time. In recent years, there has been a decrease in manual labor and agricultural jobs but an increase in the flow of illegal aliens. It is an anomaly that there has been an accompanying decrease in the enforcement laws, resulting in a surfeit of unemployed aliens, and an increase in activism by the illegal aliens along with their left-wing supporters.
AMNESTIES
None of the below governmental acts of clemency have been called “amnesty” in theimmigration law books or even in the United States Code. Most of the early amnesties for illegal aliens are simply called “presumption of lawful admission for permanent residence” for someone who cannot prove his eligibility, and is not in possession of an immigrant visa. They are usually amendments to Section 245 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952.
Nor have the acts of clemency (amnesty) stemmed the tide of illegal immigration to the U.S.; quite the contrary, after each amnesty there has been an actual increase in illegal immigration, spawning the need for more amnesties and the need for them to fall closer together, chronologically.
1879 Granted citizenship to residents of all states as of enactment of the 14th Amendment, regardless of national origin.
1906-Amnesty that granted legal residence to all illegal aliens in the U.S. who entered prior to June 30, 1906.
1908-Amnesty that granted residence to aliens who crossed the Mexican border prior to 7/1/08.
1918-Amnesty that granted permanent residence to aliens who claimed that they entered the U.S. in Presidio, Texas (prior to a flood that destroyed entry records).
1924-Granted amnesty and residence to illegal aliens who entered the U.S. prior to 1924.
1948-Amnesty and permanent residence to illegal aliens who established that they entered illegally prior to Jul 1, 1948. I&N Act of 1952.
Between 1879 to 1924 there have been numerous other amnesties, in between and after these years, covering small groups of other aliens, mostly non-Mexicans.
1987-The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA). A general amnesty for illegal aliens who claimed they entered the U.S. illegally between 1952 and 1986.
2000-245(i)-granted permanent residence to thousands of illegal aliens who failed to qualify under IRCA, above. This amnesty allowed "reunificationm" of the extended familes of beneifciaries of the 1987 amnesty.
2002-Extension of 245(i)-Extended the filing period for illegal aliens who failed to apply on time for 245(i). Again, it was concerned mostly with reunification of the extended families of illegal aliens, including those who may not have been eligible at the time of the original amnesty of 1987.
Friday, April 30, 2010
Governor Rick Perry Opposes Texas Immigration Law
Texas Governor Rick Perry once again recently showed his true colors and his spineless position on illegal immigration.
When asked by the media whether he would support a Texas law similar to the one in Arizona that authorizes state and local lawmen to arrest illegal aliens, Perry stated emphatically that he would oppose such a law. Like so many others opposed to the law, he demagogued the issue. Ostensibly, he opposed the law because Texas officers are “too busy” to go around looking for illegal aliens. Actually, Texas officers are already urged by the Federal Government to do so (see the last four paragraphs of this essay).
Perry is not as dumb as he seemed in making that statement, but his contempt for the intelligence of the average Texan is appalling. Intelligent Texans know that the Arizona Law does not require state and local agents to "go around" looking for illegal aliens. However, it does authorize officers to arrest illegal aliens when these immigration violations are discovered INCIDENTAL TO an offense for which the suspect was originally, lawfully detained and/or investigated.
Historically, Texas, along with Mississippi are the two most notorious states for exploiting the cheap labor of illegal aliens. Texas politicians got the infamous “Texas Proviso” attached to an otherwise good Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952.
The Texas Proviso was an amendment to Section 274 of the law of 1952, sponsored by then Senator Lyndon B. Johnson. It gave immunity from prosecution to farmers, ranchers and other employers of illegal aliens who were transporting, concealing or harboring illegal aliens to exploit their cheap labor.
The Texas Proviso had far-reaching consequences and kept the Border Patrol handcuffed for over twenty years. Retired veterans probably can still hear the echoes of the loud and derisive boasts of some farmers shouting, “It ain’t illegal to hire illegal aliens.” Nor was it illegal for the farmers to haul, harbor or conceal them from detection when the Border Patrol came around to check farm workers, thanks to the Texas Proviso.
Although the law on hiring illegal aliens changed in the 1970s, and fines for employers were introduced into law, they were hardly ever enforced.
The Texas Proviso lasted up until President Reagan signed the Immigration Reform Control Act of 1986 into law. Removal of the Proviso was good, but under the new law, the Border Patrol could enter only farms with a warrant or permission of the famer, even for those farms adjacent to the border. Permission was not likely to be given by violators of Section 274, and getting a judge to issue a warrant to search farm a farm or ranch was like pulling his impacted wisdom teeth. This new law, requiring warrants or permission of the farmer more than compensated the farmers for removal of the Texas Proviso.
To further demonstrate the profound, historical contempt of Texas politicians for immigration law enforcement, The Texas Employment Commission, in the 1950s became a de facto smuggler after the Mexican Government discontinued the Bracero Program due to widespread abuses. The following is an excerpt from the Texas Online History web site:
“The United States Immigration Service, under pressure from various agricultural groups, retaliated against Mexico (for discontinuing the Bracero Program) in 1951 by allowing thousands of illegals to cross the border, arresting them, and turning them over to the Texas Employment Commission, which delivered them to work for various grower groups in Texas and elsewhere. Over the long term, this action by the federal government, in violation of immigration laws and the agreement with Mexico, caused new problems for Texas. Between 1944 and 1954, "the decade of the wetback," the number of illegal aliens coming from Mexico increased by 6,000 percent. It is estimated that in 1954 before Operation Wetback got under way, more than a million workers had crossed the Rio Grande illegally. Cheap labor displaced native agricultural workers, and increased violation of labor laws and discrimination encouraged criminality, disease, and illiteracy.”
http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/OO/pqo1.html
In Texas politics, Governor Rick Perry is a chip off the old block. He will never utter the real reason he would oppose a Texas law authorizing the arrest of illegal aliens. It would violate the state’s historical culture of exploiting illegal labor.
Governor Rick Perry will probably also conceal the fact that the Arizona Law actually already exists in Texas, in the form of a Federal Law, and that Texas officers are already authorized to arrest and detain illegal aliens.
The powers and authorities granted by the State of Arizona to law officers to arrest illegal aliens is the same that is provided in 8 USC 1357.
Go to the below link and then scroll down to 8 USC 1357(g) to see that the Federal Government has already taken steps to welcome state and local law enforcement officers all over the United States as partners in enforcing immigration law.
http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/8/usc_sec_08_00001357----000-.html
Texans who believe in the rule of law and believe that immigration should be legal and regulated with enforcement of quotas and qualifications for immigrants, should be extremely resentful of Governor Rick Perry’s statement demonstrating his contempt for enforcement of immigration laws and control of our borders. His gadgetry with boondoggles like Blue Servo and the Virtual border are just smoke screens to dupe the gullible into believing that he is sincere about controlling the border. In fact, he wants to continue the status quo without any effective law enforcement.
Texans badly need to vote Rick Perry out of office in November 2010. He has been Governor too long--longer than any predecessor--and without any visible signs of merit. Texas has outgrown his type of demagoguery and his brand of contempt for immigration law.
When asked by the media whether he would support a Texas law similar to the one in Arizona that authorizes state and local lawmen to arrest illegal aliens, Perry stated emphatically that he would oppose such a law. Like so many others opposed to the law, he demagogued the issue. Ostensibly, he opposed the law because Texas officers are “too busy” to go around looking for illegal aliens. Actually, Texas officers are already urged by the Federal Government to do so (see the last four paragraphs of this essay).
Perry is not as dumb as he seemed in making that statement, but his contempt for the intelligence of the average Texan is appalling. Intelligent Texans know that the Arizona Law does not require state and local agents to "go around" looking for illegal aliens. However, it does authorize officers to arrest illegal aliens when these immigration violations are discovered INCIDENTAL TO an offense for which the suspect was originally, lawfully detained and/or investigated.
Historically, Texas, along with Mississippi are the two most notorious states for exploiting the cheap labor of illegal aliens. Texas politicians got the infamous “Texas Proviso” attached to an otherwise good Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952.
The Texas Proviso was an amendment to Section 274 of the law of 1952, sponsored by then Senator Lyndon B. Johnson. It gave immunity from prosecution to farmers, ranchers and other employers of illegal aliens who were transporting, concealing or harboring illegal aliens to exploit their cheap labor.
The Texas Proviso had far-reaching consequences and kept the Border Patrol handcuffed for over twenty years. Retired veterans probably can still hear the echoes of the loud and derisive boasts of some farmers shouting, “It ain’t illegal to hire illegal aliens.” Nor was it illegal for the farmers to haul, harbor or conceal them from detection when the Border Patrol came around to check farm workers, thanks to the Texas Proviso.
Although the law on hiring illegal aliens changed in the 1970s, and fines for employers were introduced into law, they were hardly ever enforced.
The Texas Proviso lasted up until President Reagan signed the Immigration Reform Control Act of 1986 into law. Removal of the Proviso was good, but under the new law, the Border Patrol could enter only farms with a warrant or permission of the famer, even for those farms adjacent to the border. Permission was not likely to be given by violators of Section 274, and getting a judge to issue a warrant to search farm a farm or ranch was like pulling his impacted wisdom teeth. This new law, requiring warrants or permission of the farmer more than compensated the farmers for removal of the Texas Proviso.
To further demonstrate the profound, historical contempt of Texas politicians for immigration law enforcement, The Texas Employment Commission, in the 1950s became a de facto smuggler after the Mexican Government discontinued the Bracero Program due to widespread abuses. The following is an excerpt from the Texas Online History web site:
“The United States Immigration Service, under pressure from various agricultural groups, retaliated against Mexico (for discontinuing the Bracero Program) in 1951 by allowing thousands of illegals to cross the border, arresting them, and turning them over to the Texas Employment Commission, which delivered them to work for various grower groups in Texas and elsewhere. Over the long term, this action by the federal government, in violation of immigration laws and the agreement with Mexico, caused new problems for Texas. Between 1944 and 1954, "the decade of the wetback," the number of illegal aliens coming from Mexico increased by 6,000 percent. It is estimated that in 1954 before Operation Wetback got under way, more than a million workers had crossed the Rio Grande illegally. Cheap labor displaced native agricultural workers, and increased violation of labor laws and discrimination encouraged criminality, disease, and illiteracy.”
http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/OO/pqo1.html
In Texas politics, Governor Rick Perry is a chip off the old block. He will never utter the real reason he would oppose a Texas law authorizing the arrest of illegal aliens. It would violate the state’s historical culture of exploiting illegal labor.
Governor Rick Perry will probably also conceal the fact that the Arizona Law actually already exists in Texas, in the form of a Federal Law, and that Texas officers are already authorized to arrest and detain illegal aliens.
The powers and authorities granted by the State of Arizona to law officers to arrest illegal aliens is the same that is provided in 8 USC 1357.
Go to the below link and then scroll down to 8 USC 1357(g) to see that the Federal Government has already taken steps to welcome state and local law enforcement officers all over the United States as partners in enforcing immigration law.
http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/8/usc_sec_08_00001357----000-.html
Texans who believe in the rule of law and believe that immigration should be legal and regulated with enforcement of quotas and qualifications for immigrants, should be extremely resentful of Governor Rick Perry’s statement demonstrating his contempt for enforcement of immigration laws and control of our borders. His gadgetry with boondoggles like Blue Servo and the Virtual border are just smoke screens to dupe the gullible into believing that he is sincere about controlling the border. In fact, he wants to continue the status quo without any effective law enforcement.
Texans badly need to vote Rick Perry out of office in November 2010. He has been Governor too long--longer than any predecessor--and without any visible signs of merit. Texas has outgrown his type of demagoguery and his brand of contempt for immigration law.
Monday, April 26, 2010
The Arizona Immigration Law is Constitutional
For the Constitutionality of the Arizona Immigration Law that requires state law enforcement officers to enforce immigration law, see:
Section 287(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act:
The Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRAIRA), effective September 30, 1996 (updated in 2008), added Section 287(g), performance of immigration officer functions by state officers and employees, to the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). This authorizes the secretary of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to enter into agreements with state and local law enforcement agencies, permitting designated officers to perform immigration law enforcement functions, pursuant to a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA), provided that the local law enforcement officers receive appropriate training and function under the supervision of sworn U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officers.
State and local patrol officers, detectives, investigators and correctional officers working in conjunction with ICE gain: necessary resources and authority to pursue investigations relating to violent crimes, human smuggling, gang/organized crime activity, sexual-related offenses, narcotics smuggling and money laundering; and support in more remote geographical locations. (Section 287 (a) through (f) show the authority of ICE to arrest and deport illegal aliens, independent of other law enforcement agencies. See 8 USC 1357.)
http://www.ice.gov/pi/news/factsheets/070622factsheet287gprogover.htm
The opponents of State Immigration Law Enforcement are not interested in the Constitution or the Rule of Law.
The Constitution requires that Congress and the President protect each state in the Union from foreign invasion. See Article IV, Section 4 of the Constitution. All Congressmen and the President take an oath of office in which they swear to uphold and defend the Constitution, but apparently in recent years both those entities of our Government have come to show contempt for their duties under the Constitution .
Federal statutes require that immigration laws be enforced, that violators be arrested and deported. See the above link for arrest, and for deportation see 8 USC 1227.
For some of my publications on the subject of the the U.S./Mexico border, go to my web site at BorderDrama.com
Section 287(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act:
The Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRAIRA), effective September 30, 1996 (updated in 2008), added Section 287(g), performance of immigration officer functions by state officers and employees, to the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). This authorizes the secretary of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to enter into agreements with state and local law enforcement agencies, permitting designated officers to perform immigration law enforcement functions, pursuant to a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA), provided that the local law enforcement officers receive appropriate training and function under the supervision of sworn U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officers.
State and local patrol officers, detectives, investigators and correctional officers working in conjunction with ICE gain: necessary resources and authority to pursue investigations relating to violent crimes, human smuggling, gang/organized crime activity, sexual-related offenses, narcotics smuggling and money laundering; and support in more remote geographical locations. (Section 287 (a) through (f) show the authority of ICE to arrest and deport illegal aliens, independent of other law enforcement agencies. See 8 USC 1357.)
http://www.ice.gov/pi/news/factsheets/070622factsheet287gprogover.htm
The opponents of State Immigration Law Enforcement are not interested in the Constitution or the Rule of Law.
The Constitution requires that Congress and the President protect each state in the Union from foreign invasion. See Article IV, Section 4 of the Constitution. All Congressmen and the President take an oath of office in which they swear to uphold and defend the Constitution, but apparently in recent years both those entities of our Government have come to show contempt for their duties under the Constitution .
Federal statutes require that immigration laws be enforced, that violators be arrested and deported. See the above link for arrest, and for deportation see 8 USC 1227.
For some of my publications on the subject of the the U.S./Mexico border, go to my web site at BorderDrama.com
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